This study evaluated the outcomes of secondary intervention for PT2.

Methods: From 1999 to 2007, 136 patients who underwent endovascular aneurysm repair developed PT2 and comprised the study cohort. Primary end points

included PT2 resolution (secondary interventional success) and survival, and were evaluated using multiple logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses, respectively.

Results: Fifty-one patients underwent a total of 68 secondary interventions for PT2 with expanding aneurysm sacs with a median postsecondary interventional follow-up of 13.7 months. Secondary interventions included 20 inferior mesenteric artery coil embolizations, 17 Onyx glue embolizations, 11 aneurysm sac coil embolizations, 10 non-Onyx glue embolizations, 7 lumbar artery coil embolizations, 2 open lumbar ligations, and 1 graft explant. The overall secondary interventional success NCT-501 manufacturer rate was 43% (29 of 68). Onyx glue embolization was associated with a greater success rate when used as the initial secondary intervention (odds ratio, LCL161 59.61; 95% confidence interval, 4.78-742.73;

P < .001). There was no difference in success between the different techniques when multiple secondary interventions were required. Five-year survival was 72% +/- 0.08% and was unrelated to any of the secondary interventional techniques.

Conclusions: Secondary intervention for PT2 is associated with success in less than half of all cases. Onyx glue embolization was associated with greater long-term success when used as the initial secondary intervention. (J Vasc Surg 2012;56:630-6.)”
“Marssonina brunnea is an important fungal pathogen of the Populus genus To further our understanding of the pathogenesis of M. brunnea, we initiated a proteome-level study of the fungal secretome. Using de novo peptide sequencing by MS/MS, we obtained peptide sequences for 32 protein spots. Four proteins were identified by sequence homology Vildagliptin to conserved proteins in public databases

using MS-driven BLAST. To identify additional protein spots, we combined a degenerate PCR method, based on the Consensus-DEgenerate Hybrid Oligonucleotide Primer (CODEHOP) method, and a rapid amplification of cDNA ends method to done the full-length cDNA fragments encoding the proteins identified in the gel. Using this method, we cloned the full-length cDNA fragments encoding 11 M. brunnea-specific proteins. This method provides an efficient approach to identification of species-specific proteins of non-sequenced organisms. Furthermore, we analyzed the expression patterns of these genes during infection. We found that most of the identified secreted proteins could be induced in artificial medium after hyphae entered poplar apoplast spaces. We propose that for the host-specialized M.