These data indicate that stimulation of GABA receptors in ventral pallidum produces behavioral effects similar to those produced by accumbens dopamine depletions. Ventral pallidum appears to
be a component of the brain circuitry regulating response allocation and effort-related choice behavior, and may act to convey information from nucleus accumbens to Dinaciclib cell line other parts of this circuitry. This research may have implications for understanding the brain mechanisms involved in energy-related psychiatric dysfunctions such as psychomotor retardation in depression, anergia, and apathy. (C) 2008 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Permanent bilateral lesions of the medial preoptic area anterior hypothalamus (MPOA/AH) produce a drastic inhibition of male
sexual behavior in all species studied to date. The present experiment was designed to evaluate if temporal inactivation of the MPOA/AH by infusions of lidocaine also inhibits sexual behavior in male rats. This would allow us to rule out the possibility that the behavioral effects observed after damage of the MPOA/AH could be associated with plastic changes induced by the lesion in other brain regions. We also evaluated sexual incentive motivation in males after the infusion of lidocaine in a test in which copulation is not possible but where males maintain approach behavior to the estrous females despite repeated testing. The percentage of animals displaying mounts, intromissions and ejaculation
was significantly reduced while mount and intromission latency were prolonged after infusion of lidocaine. No changes were observed in sexual behavior after infusion of lidocaine Staurosporine research buy in animals with cannulae outside the MPOA/AH suggesting that the inhibitory effects are specific to this brain region. Sexual incentive motivation was also affected by administration of lidocaine. Males consistently showed a clear preference for the sexually receptive female except when infused with lidocaine. After the infusion of the compound a significant reduction in the time spent in the incentive zone of the stimulus female was observed. These results support the hypothesis that neurons of the MPOA/AH are involved in the control of male sexual motivation. (C) 2008 IBRO. Published by 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background In old age, reduction in physical function leads to loss of independence, the need for hospital and long-term nursing-home care, and premature death. We did a systematic review to assess the effectiveness of community-based complex interventions in preservation of physical function and independence in elderly people.
Methods We searched systematically for randomised controlled trials assessing community-based multifactorial interventions in elderly people (mean age at least 65 years) living at home with at least 6 months of follow-up. Outcomes studied were living at home, death, nursing-home and hospital admissions, falls, and physical function.