The results of the present study clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of topical tranexamic acid in the prevention of rebleeding in patients with traumatic hyphema. Among our study population, the rebleeding rate was 3.3%, which is similar to the rate of rebleeding in the previous studies that used oral tranexamic

acid, systemic aminocaproid acid, topical aminocaproic acid, and systemic corticosteroid to prevent rebleeding in patients with traumatic hyphema. (The rebleeding rate is 3% to 30% in these studies.)1-10 No ocular side effect was detected, and the topically applied tranexamic acid was well tolerated without evidence of systemic toxicity. The small number of the cases and the differences in the mean Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical ages between the two groups could be considered as the limitations of this study. Although some bias is present, we compared each patient to himself/herself before and after treatment. Further double-masked clinical trial studies with larger numbers of cases are required to confirm the finding of this study. Conclusion This study provides evidence that Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical topical tranexamic acid seems to be effective Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical in the management of traumatic hyphema. However, our small sample size precludes the conclusion that topical tranexamic acid can replace oral tranexamic acid. Acknowledgment

This study was supported by Poostchi Eye Research Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The authors would like to thank Dr. N. Shokrpour, Dr. M. Zandi, and Dr. A. Ghobakhlou for their editorial assistance. Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical This study is part of a thesis (No. 89-01-19-2016) which was presented orally in the 22nd Annual Congress of the Iranian Society of Ophthalmology (2012) by Mahmoud Motallebi. No financial support was received for this submission. Conflict

of Interest: None declared.
Background: Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical Erythropoietin (EPO) is known as a regulating hormone for the production of red blood cells, called erythropoiesis. Some studies have shown that EPO exerts some non-hematopoietic protective effects on ischemia-reperfusion injuries in myocytes. Using echocardiography, we evaluated the effect of EPO infusion on reducing ischemia-reperfusion injuries and find more improvement of the cardiac function shortly after coronary artery bypass graft surgery however (CABG). Methods: Forty-three patients were recruited in this study and randomly divided into two groups: the EPO group, receiving standard medication and CABG surgery plus EPO (700 IU/kg), and the control group, receiving standard medication and CABG surgery plus normal saline (10 cc) as placebo. The cardiac function was assessed through echocardiography before as well as at 4 and 30 days after CABG. Results: Echocardiography indicated that the ejection fraction had no differences between the EPO and control groups at 4 days (47.05±6.29 vs. 45.90±4.97; P=0.334) and 30 days after surgery (47.27±28 vs. 46.62±5.7; P=0.69). There were no differences between the EPO and control groups in the wall motion score index at 4 (P=0.