The results of elemental analysis indicated that the N atoms were incorporated into the molecule of polymerized oil, which was pyrolyzed by pyrolysis gas chromatography with a mass selective detector to clarify the structure with nitrogen atoms. It was confirmed
that in the molecule of polymerized oil, there were three nitrogen heterocyclic compounds, which played a key role in improving the tribological characteristics of the polymerized oils. The lubricating properties of polymerized oils were performed on the four ball friction and wear testers. selleck chemicals The load-carrying capacities of polymerized oils reached 940.8 N and 1049 N, respectively, higher than that of soybean oil (646.8 N). Meanwhile, they showed better anti-wear properties under all tested loads and possessed preferable friction-reducing performances when the applied load surpassed 250 N. The friction surfaces lubricated by soybean oil and polymerized
oil were observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the chemical states and compositions of the tribofilms generated during the rubbing DZNeP datasheet process were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that the nitrogen heterocyclic structure containing six N atoms possessed higher coordination capacity than the ester groups of soybean oil, and could form a durable organic nitrogen complex film on the metal surface. Simultaneously, the blended oils with different viscosity grades, which were prepared by diluting the polymerized oil with dioctyl sebacate, showed excellent receptivity on the anti-wear/extreme pressure additives of zinc dialkyl buy CT99021 dithiophosphates and sulfurized isobutylene. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) is identified frequently in LVNC. However, the features of this findings are limited. The purpose of the present study was to describe the frequency and distribution of LGE in patients meeting criteria for left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC), as assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR).
Methods: Forty-seven patients
(37 males and 10 females; mean age, 39 +/- 18 years) considered to meet standard CMR criteria for LVNC were studied. The LGE images were obtained 15 +/- 5 min after the injection of 0.2 mmol/kg of gadolinium-DTPA using an inversion-recovery sequence, and analyzed using a 17-segment model.
Results: Mean number of non-compacted segments per patient was 7.4 +/- 2.5 and the NC:C was 3.2 +/- 0.7. Non-compaction was most commonly noted in the apical segments in all patients. LGE was present in 19 of the 47 patients (40%), and most often located in the ventricular septum. The distribution of LGE was subendocardial (n = 5; 6%), mid-myocardial (n = 61; 68%), subepicardial (n = 10; 11%), and transmural (n = 14; 15%) in total of 90 LGE (+) segments.