In humans, they Y-27632 price are found on skin surfaces [15], but have also been demonstrated to cause rare cases of bacteremia, endocarditis, pericarditis, brain abscess and peritonitis. These infections have been observed mainly in immunocompromised patients, with the exception of two cases of bacteremia in immunocompetent patients with central venous catheters [15,16]. To date, only four Brevibacterium species have been detected in human infection, including B. epidermidis (Collins et al. 1983) [15,17,18], B. casei (Collins et al. 1983) [16,19], B. iodinum (Collins et al. 1981) and B. otitidis (Pascual et al. 1996). Here we present a summary classification and a set of features for B. senegalense sp. nov. strain JC43T together with the description of the complete genomic sequencing and annotation.

These characteristics support the circumscription of the B. senegalense species. Organism information A stool sample was collected from a healthy 16-year-old male Senegalese volunteer patient living in Dielmo (rural village in the Guinean-Sudanian zone in Senegal), who was included in a research protocol. Written assent was obtained from this individual. No written consent was needed from his guardians for this study because he was older than 15 years old (in accordance with the previous project approved by the Ministry of Health of Senegal and the assembled village population, and as published elsewhere [5-11]. Both this study and the assent procedure were approved by the National Ethics Committee of Senegal (CNERS) and the Ethics Committee of the Institut F��d��ratif de Recherche IFR48, Faculty of Medicine, Marseille, France (agreement numbers 09-022 and 11-017)).

Several other new bacterial species were isolated from this specimen using various culture conditions, including the recently described Alistipes timonensis, A. senegalensis, Anaerococcus senegalensis, Bacillus timonensis, Clostridium senegalense, Paenibacillus senegalensis, and Peptoniphilus timonensis [5-11]. The fecal specimen was preserved at -80��C after collection and sent to Marseille. Strain JC43T (Table 1) was isolated in December 2010 after inoculation on Brucella agar (BD diagnostic, Heilderberg, Germany), in aerobic atmosphere at 37��C. Table 1 Classification and general features of Brevibacterium senegalense strain JC43T according to the MIGS recommendations [20] The strain exhibited 97.

1 and 96.7% nucleotide sequence similarities with B. salitolerans (Guan et al. 2010) and B. album (Tang et al. 2008), respectively, the phylogenetically closest validated Brevibacterium species (Figure 1). These values were lower than the 98.7% 16S rRNA gene sequence threshold recommended by Stackebrandt and Ebers to delineate a new species without carrying out DNA-DNA hybridization [2]. In comparison to 16S sequences in the GenBank database [29], strain JC43T also exhibited nucleotide Dacomitinib sequence similarities greater than 98.