3 +/- 0.6 for micronucleated cells in gill cell of Medaka and 4.6 +/- 0.5 for induction of lymphocyte apoptosis in the thymus of ICR mice.”
“Background: Monoclonal antibodies to Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) have been previously used to format immunochromatographic tests for the diagnosis of malaria. Using pLDH as an antigen
has several advantages as a sensitive measure of the presence of parasites within this website patient blood samples. However, variable results in terms of specificity and sensitivity among different commercially available diagnostic kits have been reported and it has not been clear from these studies whether the performance of an individual test is due simply to how it is engineered or whether it is due to the biochemical GS-4997 price nature of the pLDH-antibody reaction itself.
Methods: A series of systematic studies to determine how various pLDH monoclonal antibodies work in combination was undertaken. Different combinations of anti-pLDH monoclonal antibodies were used in a rapid test immunochromatographic assay format to determine parameters of sensitivity and specificity with regard to individual Plasmodium species.
Results: Dramatic differences were found in both species specificity and overall sensitivity depending on which antibody is used on the immunochromatographic strip
and which is used on the colorimetric colloidal-gold used for visual detection.
Discussion: The results demonstrate the feasibility of different test formats for the detection and speciation of malarial infections. In addition, the data will enable the development of a universal rapid test algorithm that may potentially provide a cost-effective strategy to diagnose and manage patients in a wide range of clinical settings.
Conclusion: These data emphasize that using different anti-pLDH antibody combinations offers a tractable
way to optimize immunochromatographic pLDH tests.”
“Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare but highly malignant tumor, and its diagnosis is mostly delayed and prognosis is poor. We report estrogen receptor (ER) expression in this tumor Veliparib DNA Damage inhibitor and our clinical experiences with 17 ACC cases.
The data of the 17 patients (9 females and 8 males, age range from 16 to 69 years, mean age of 42.6 years) with ACC were reviewed, and symptoms, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and results of follow-up were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect ER expression in tumor samples from the 17 patients.
At the time of diagnosis, 4 tumors were classified as Stage I, 4 as Stage II, 3 as Stage III, and 6 as Stage IV. Eight patients demonstrated positive nuclear immunostaining of ER. The prognosis of patients with ER positive was significantly better (P < 0.05) than that of patients with ER negative, with 1- and 5-year survival rates at 86% and 60% for ER-positive patients, and 38% and 0% for ER-negative patients, respectively.
ER-positivity may be one of the factors associated with a worse prognosis of ACC.