, 2005; Zalavadiya et al., 2009). Tuberculosis (TB) causes the death of approximately three million patients in the world

every year. These numbers make TB one of the leading infectious causes of death, eclipsed only by AIDS. Synthetic drugs for treating TB have been available for over half a century, but incidences of the disease continue to be on the rise worldwide. The causative organism, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a tremendously successful colonizer of the human host and is estimated to have latently infected selleck inhibitor approximately one-third of humanity. A growing number of immunocompromised patients are attributed to cancer chemotherapy, organ transplantation, and HIV infection, which are the major factors contributing to this increase. Therefore, it is necessary to search for and synthesize new classes of antimicrobial compounds that are effective against pathogenic microorganisms that have developed resistance to the antibiotics (Dye and Williams, 2009; Dye and Phill, 2006; Koca et al., 2005; Zalavadiya et al., 2009; Bayrak et al., 2010a, b). In the field of medicinal chemistry, azoles belong

to a class of antimicrobial agents that are widely used and studied because of their safety profile and high therapeutic index. Ribavirin, rizatriptan, alprazolam, vorozole, letrozole, and www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk1120212-jtp-74057.html anastrozole are the best examples of drugs containing 1,2,https://www.selleckchem.com/products/incb28060.html 4-triazole moiety (Ashok et al., 2007; Rao et al., 2006; Hancu et al., 2007; Cai et al., 2007). Among azole-based drugs, conazoles, such as itraconazole, fluconazole, voriconazole, and ravuconazole constitute a major class being used for the treatment of fungal infections (Yu et al., 2007; Gupta et al., 2007; Schiller

and Fung, 2007). Another important pharmacophore group is the morpholine nucleus incorporated in a wide variety of therapeutically important drugs, one of which is linezolid which belongs to the oxazolidinone class of antibiotics and is used for the treatment of infections caused by gram-positive bacteria (Wyrzykiewicz et al., Edoxaban 2006; Dixit et al., 2005; Raparti et al., 2009; Bektas et al., 2010, 2012; Bayrak et al., 2009a, b). In addition, 4-phenylmorpholine derivatives have been reported to possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and central nervous system activities (Dixit et al., 2006), Oxazolidinones are a relatively new class of synthetic antibacterial agents, having a new mechanism of action that involves early inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis. This class of compounds is particularly active against gram-positive organisms. Oxazolidinones are thought not to be cross-resistant with other types of antibiotics because of their different action mechanisms, which include interaction with the bacterial ribosome to inhibit bacteria. (Zheng et al., 2010; Giera et al., 2006; Das et al., 2005; Gage et al., 2000; Cui et al., 2005).