In conclusion, our data provide experimental support for the model that SCFTIR1-dependent poly-ubiquitination of Aux/IAA proteins marks these proteins for degradation by the 26S proteasome, leading to activation of auxin-responsive gene expression.”
“Cellulose acetate (CA) is widely used in membrane processes. In this study, CA (weight-average molecular weight = 52,000) was mixed with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP; weight-average molecular

weight = 15,000) as all additive in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone MLN4924 chemical structure as a solvent. The phase-inversion method was used for the preparation of flat-sheet membranes. The effects of PVP concentration and coagulation bath temperature (CBT) on the morphology, pure water permeation flux, and thermal stability of the prepared membranes were studied and are discussed in this article. The solute rejection of the developed CA membranes was quantified with an insulin protein solution. The results showed that an increase in the CBT levels from 0 to 23 degrees C along with all increase in the PVP concentration in the cast film from 0 to 1.5 wt % resulted in all increase in the macrovoid formation in the membrane sublayer, In increase in the pure water flux (PWF), and a decrease in insulin

rejection. Further increases in the PVP concentration from 1.5 to 3, 6, and 9 wt % resulted in gradual Suppression of the macrovoid formation, a decrease in PWF, and all increase in insulin rejection. Higher PVP concentrations and lower CBT levels also appeared to result in STI571 higher glass-transition temperatures. (c) 2008 see more Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 111: 2537-2544, 2009″
“Background: Loosening of the glenoid component continues to be the foremost cause of medium and long-term failure of shoulder replacements. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic results of a minimally cemented all-polyethylene

pegged glenoid component designed for biologic fixation.

Methods: Forty-four shoulders in forty-one patients with a mean age of sixty-six years underwent total shoulder arthroplasty with a pegged bone-ingrowth glenoid component. Outcome data included the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons questionnaire, the Simple Shoulder Test, and visual analog scales. A detailed radiographic analysis was performed by two board-certified musculoskeletal radiologists who were blinded to clinical and patient-reported outcomes. The radiographs were evaluated with regard to the presence of radiolucent lines at the bone-cement interface, implant seating, and the radiodensity between the flanges of the central peg.

Results: The mean duration of clinical follow-up was four years and the mean duration of radiographic follow-up was three years. Twenty shoulders had perfect seating and radiolucency grades, thirty had increased radiodensity between the flanges of the central peg, and three demonstrated osteolysis.